Values types

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Instrumental values | End-state values | So what?

Instrumental values

Instrumental values are values which are instrumental in getting us to desired ends. They are useful only in that they are acceptable ways of behaving. These are what we often talk about when we discuss values -- and especially the related Morals and Ethics.

Instrumental values thus moderate how we go about setting and achieving our goals, ensuring we do so only in ways which are socially acceptable.

Instrumental values can be viewed as having 'evolved'. Thus they are the best values we can have to create successful societies. Values such as dishonesty and selfishness destroy societies and, especially in an evolutionary light, are not good for the future of mankind (let alone the groups of people with whom I interact).

Examples of instrumental values include: honesty, politeness and courage.

End-state values

End-state values are things we actually value. This is where 'values' and 'value' meet, as we seek and value end-state values. They are the destination, whilst instrumental values control the journey there.

Examples of end-state values include: happiness, salvation and prosperity.

So what?

When acting to achieve end-state values, ensure you use only instrumental values. As with other values, these are levers that can be used to move other people.